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Annual Report of the Library Syndicate for the year 2001-2002

Highlights

'Newton'

Last year's Report began with the acquisition of the Newton papers; this year's likewise must begin with 'Newton'. Following a competition for all library staff in the University, it was decided that, in its Cambridge manifestation, the Voyager integrated library system, supplied by Endeavor Information Systems, would be known as 'Newton'. The migration from the University Library's in-house automation system (which had served the University well for more than twenty years) to the new integrated commercial system was undoubtedly the most ambitious project ever undertaken in the libraries of the University. That the system went live in July 2002, within a few days of the scheduled date and without major technical hitches, is due to the immense amount of hard work undertaken over a period of more than a year by the Project Team. Ms Killiard, Mr Sendall, Ms Gray, and Mr Taylor, in particular, are to be congratulated, and deserve the thanks of all library users and staff for their dedication and commitment, sometimes in the face of extreme frustration.

With almost eighty libraries, each with different practices and regulations, and over 130 system modules, the Cambridge implementation of Voyager was one of the most complex in university libraries anywhere, and an enormous amount of work was involved in the changeover. The level of preparation for the coming changes among library staff varied considerably, but those Departments or libraries that had anticipated the changes by examining their workflows and preparing their staff found the transition relatively smooth. A massive training programme was undertaken, on a cascade basis, with Endeavor staff 'training the trainers' and then those trainers passing on their skills to colleagues. Over a hundred training sessions took place during the critical period from the beginning of 2002. An unexpected result of this activity was the evidence of considerable teaching skills among staff in the University's libraries.

Michaelmas Term 2002 is the scheduled completion date for two of the more complex areas, the 'Universal Catalogue', which will bring together the University Library's holdings with those of the former Cambridge Union Catalogue of College and Faculty libraries, and the 'Universal Borrowing', which will allow readers to borrow more easily from different libraries, with different borrowing regulations, using the same Library or University card.

By the end of the reporting year, readers had been exposed to the new system for only a few days, and so it was too early to record their reactions. Some clearly took to it immediately, and a number of complimentary comments were received. Others found the unfamiliar format - and even the requirement to use a mouse - somewhat daunting. The University Library staff provided a great deal of one-to-one assistance to readers, as well as workshops several times a week.

Greensleeves

The Greensleeves Project has been under way for a number of years and has been making steady progress with the conversion of records from the guardbook catalogue for inclusion in the online catalogue. However, at the present rate of progress, it would have taken many more years before all 1,300,000 records in the guardbook could be searched online. Now, thanks to a generous grant of nearly $1,200,000 from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, supplemented by £200,000 from the Isaac Newton Trust, and further support from the Research Libraries Support Programme (RSLP), it will be possible to complete the project more rapidly, by contracting out much of the work to an external supplier whilst retaining a small staff in Cambridge to ensure editorial control. In July 2002 the contract was awarded to OCLC and MARCLink who submitted a joint proposal. It is expected that the conversion will start late in 2002, that the first records will be loaded to the 'Newton' system in early 2003 and that the project will be finished in 2005.

The Betty and Gordon Moore Library

The Moore Library began to provide a full service to readers at the beginning of the academical year. The library represents a major element in the University Library's strategy of supporting the growing amount of teaching and research within the West Cambridge development. It brings together the collections in physical sciences, mathematics, and technology from the Scientific Periodicals Library and the departmental libraries in the Faculty of Mathematics, and journals in these subjects will be transferred from the main University Library during the course of the coming academical year. The paper journals are supplemented by access to electronic journals, which are available both within the Library building and, in most cases, to any networked PC within the University.

The transfer of stock to the Moore Library took place during the summer of 2001 and represented the move of over five kilometres of books and journals from three different locations and their merging into a single coherent sequence. It is a great tribute to the staff concerned with the planning and execution of this move that it was completed on time and within budget, without any major mishap and whilst at least a minimal service for readers was maintained, with no book or journal unavailable for a period of more than a few days.

During the following year, the staff worked to consolidate the collections and develop a pattern of service in this new environment. They were assisted by a user group that has been established to ensure that the library meets the needs of its principal constituents. The staff in the new library have already established excellent relations with their core constituency of readers and put in place the foundations of a strong service. The main difficulties have been with the assimilation of certain parts of the former Mathematics collections into the borrowing system, and problems with the University card in providing the planned 24-hour access to the building for certain groups of user; the former has now been resolved, and it is hoped that the new system scheduled for installation in the summer of 2002 will finally allow the level of access that has been intended.

In November 2001 the staff of the Moore Library were pleased to welcome a visit from the Chancellor of the University, HRH The Duke of Edinburgh, when a reception was held in the Library following the installation of new members of the University's Guild of Benefactors.

Scientific journals

Last year's Report noted the fundamental unsustainability of the current pattern of commercial scientific publishing, whether in print or electronic form, and this is an issue that was aired widely within the University and elsewhere during the year. The University Library participated in a national campaign, co-ordinated by CURL (the Consortium of University Research Libraries), with the support of SPARC (the Scholarly Publishing and Academic Resources Coalition), to consider the crisis in scholarly communication - the process by which scholars publish their work and access the work of others. In April 2002 a workshop for Cambridge scientists on 'The future of the scientific journal' was held at the Department of Biochemistry and was attended by over seventy participants, mainly academic staff from the scientific Departments. Following the presentations, there was a wide-ranging discussion and general agreement that the University should support the action proposed by CURL and SPARC. As a result, the University has joined SPARC Europe as a full member, the University Library and the Computing Service are exploring ways in which open archiving can be established in Cambridge, and the University Library is developing a 'Create Change' website section devoted to these issues. Whilst there are signs that some publishers of scientific journals are becoming more flexible in their attitudes to issues such as copyright and archiving - doubtless at least partly in response to such initiatives on a global basis - scientific publishing is still vulnerable to aggressive commercial interests. The chart below shows, for example, the excessive increases in the cost of periodicals over the last fifteen or so years as compared to the Retail Price Index.

At a local level, the problems caused by the devolved nature of the Cambridge library system, particularly for the co-ordination of scientific journals, were discussed in a number of fora. An experimental scheme between the University Library and the School of Biological Sciences, which has been in operation for two years, has been only partially successful, and discussions began on the possible model for a more comprehensive arrangement that will be needed if the limited resources available in the University for access to scientific journals (whether printed or electronic) are to be used most effectively. Further proposals will be put to the science schools in the coming year.

Building developments at the main University Library

The opening of the north-west corner extension, described in last year's Report, marked the end of a further phase of the building programme for the main Library building. When all the planned phases have been completed, this development should meet the needs of the Library's readers, collections, and staff for several decades. The next phase (the south-west corner), which is due to be ready for occupation in early 2003, will provide more space for users of electronic resources and government publications.

The final phase, which will link the two corners, will provide accommodation for the continually growing collection of printed books and journals. Despite all the predictions of the death of the book and the growing amount of information available electronically, there has been no diminution in the number of books being published, and, as a legal deposit library, the University Library continues to have an obligation to receive, catalogue, and store these publications for the use of current and future generations of students and scholars. With the assistance of the University's Development Office and Cambridge in America, a major campaign is under way to raise the funding needed to complete the final phase of the extension. As part of this campaign, the presence of fragments from the Genizah Collection at a major exhibition in Chicago provided the opportunity for a series of events in that city, culminating in a public lecture by Professor Reif and a dinner hosted by the British Consul-General, Mr Robert Culshaw, and his wife. It was gratifying that, right at the end of the year, the Resource Management Committee demonstrated the University's commitment towards this strategically important development by agreeing to earmark a sum of £4 million from the Cambridge University Press fund to be used towards this final phase of building.

Saturday afternoon opening

From September 2001 the main University Library opened on Saturday afternoons for, it is believed, the first time in its 600-year history. This development was enormously popular with readers and it has very quickly become part of the expected pattern of service. Reader numbers on some Saturday afternoons quickly approached those of weekday afternoons. The planning for these new arrangements involved a complex series of negotiations, changes to the working pattern of many staff and the employment of new staff, to ensure that there were enough regular staff available on Saturday afternoons to provide readers with a satisfactory level of service and assistance.

Both the opening on Saturday afternoons and the introduction of the 'Newton' system placed an enormous burden on the staff of the Library, particularly those involved in recruitment, training, and planning, many of them working under great pressure for much of the year, and a debt of gratitude is owed to them all.

Collections

Modern collections

Preparations for the changeover to 'Newton' meant that the ordering of books had to cease for a period of a few weeks. As a result, there was a decrease in the number of modern foreign books that were ordered. The legal deposit intake, on the other hand, was considerably higher than last year's, which had been particularly low as a result of fluctuations in supply from the Copyright Agency.

During the year the General Board's Committee on Libraries wrestled with the issue of the disposal of books from Faculty and departmental libraries and drew up more detailed guidelines for Departments wishing to dispose of such items. One element of this process which remains unresolved is the amount of staff time, in the Department, but, more particularly, in the University Library, required for the transfer of such items. For example, the School of Education has been rationalizing its libraries for several years and has been supplying the University Library with lists of books to be transferred or discarded. These are often obscure titles, which take a great deal of checking, often with little positive to show, as the material often turns out to be of such low value as not to be worth retaining. The disposal of books from libraries in the University is a very emotive issue, as was seen by the reaction to the sale of books from the Department of Anatomy's library, but it must be questioned whether the amount of University Library staff time involved in such exercises could not better be used in processing modern acquisitions.

The Library has been a major participant in the BOPCRIS Project which has created a Web-based bibliographic database of key government publications from the eighteenth to the twentieth centuries. The project, based at the University of Southampton, was originally funded as one of the RSLP projects, but has gone on to receive further support from the New Opportunities Fund's Digitization Programme and the Arts and Humanities Research Board's Resource Enhancement Scheme. The Official Publications Department has provided raw materials and specialist advice for the project and the Photography Department is supplying digital images.

The serious storage problems in the newspaper stack had been a matter of increasing concern for a number of years; the Library Syndicate set up a task force to review the situation and advise on solutions to the immediate problems, as well as to recommend a long-term policy on newspapers. The recommendations of the task force, accepted by the Syndicate, included some rearrangements to the stack area, which have been implemented, the de-accessioning of a number of regional and secondary titles, and the replacement of further titles by microfilm copies. This will ease the storage problems for newspapers, but the lack of space available for other runs of journals is becoming critical, and the overflows of sequences are leading to inefficiencies in the supply of material to readers.

Special collections

The move of the Manuscripts and Rare Books departments into their new reading rooms took place over the summer of 2001. Reaction to both rooms has been very positive indeed, with the extra light and space and the ample provision of sockets for laptop use particularly appreciated. The rooms facilitated the introduction of new measures to improve both security and the preservation of the materials in use. In particular, the new book-support cushions have been very successful.

Further progress was made with the cataloguing of a number of diverse manuscript collections, thanks to external funding. Work on the catalogue of medieval illuminated manuscripts, funded by the Gladys Krieble Delmas Foundation, was almost completed at the end of the year, leaving a small number of manuscripts to be described during the later part of 2002. The work has led to some notable discoveries about manuscripts in the collection and has also spawned several articles and lectures. An abbreviated version of the catalogue will be available on the Library's website during the course of the coming year and it is planned that a full catalogue will also be published in paper form.

Cataloguing of the Macclesfield and Portsmouth collections of Newton papers (the former funded by a grant from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation) began; the cataloguing of the first stage of the papers of the Barlow family of Thornby was completed, thanks to generous support from Mr Henry Barlow; and the Chinese-language documents in the Jardine Matheson Archive have now been listed. The Crimean War letters of Captain Christopher Blackett, and the records of the Church Army have been sorted and listed. Listing has also been completed of the papers of two distinguished former members of the University, Dame Elizabeth Hill, Professor of Russian, and Thomas McKenny Hughes (1830-1920), Professor of Geology, those of the latter representing a collection of outstanding interest for the history of geology and related subjects.

Ordnance Survey no longer publish their large-scale maps on paper and, since the end of 2000, they have similarly been unable to provide microform 'aperture cards' of these maps. This initially left a gap in the topographic history of the country but, happily, the situation has now been resolved, with the agreement by Ordnance Survey to supply the legal deposit libraries with an annual snapshot of their digital database. The first three of these (for 1998-2000) are now available in the Map Department. The department's database of geographical headings in the card catalogue - almost 17,000 entries - has been computerized and provides much more flexible searching possibilities; a recent example of this was the production of a list of all the Library's maps of the whole, and of parts, of Antarctica, for a reader wanting to trace the fluctuation in ice cover.

The Royal Commonwealth Society Library has a magnificent and important collection of around 70,000 photographs, taken all over the Empire over a period of many decades. The only catalogue at present is a typescript list, but, thanks to a bequest from the late Mr F. C. Goodyear, a new project was started in January 2002 to convert the list into electronic form and mount it on a database compatible with that being used for other Cambridge archives. The project is expected to be completed in 2004, and it is hoped that sufficient funding will be available to digitize some of the images. Some of the rarer materials from the RCS collections are being microfilmed for inclusion in Adam Matthew Publications' Empire and Commonwealth project.

On a less happy note, during the late 1980s and early 1990s, the Library, along with the London Library, suffered some serious thefts of rare books. The thief, a member of the University, was caught after extensive police investigation and, during the year, was sentenced to four years' imprisonment.

Major purchases

Manuscripts

Letters from Laurence Housman to Leslie Harries, 1943-5

Letters of George, Duke of Cambridge, to Sir Charles Lennox Wyke, 1855-96

Postcards from Asa Gray to Charles Darwin, 1880

Thomas de Havilland, 'Journal to and back from Colombo', 1796-7

Maps

A new survey of the coast of Africa from Senegal and Cape Verde to Cape St Ann… (London, 1792)

A plan of the River Sherbro, with Yawry Bay…(1773)

A survey of the entrance of Sierra Leona River, by Capt'n Thompson, of His Majesty's Ship Nautilas (London, 1792)

A new map of Ireland. Drawn from the survey made by Sr Wm Petty… (1689)

Music

Mendelssohn, An anthem … to Charles Bayles Broadley's version of the Thirteenth Psalm (London, 1841-3) - a copy with important Cambridge associations.

Lully, Atys: tragédie (Paris, 1708); Persée: tragédie (Paris, 1710); Proserpine: tragédie (Paris, 1707)

Rossini, Moïse: opéra en quatre actes avec accompt. de piano forte (Paris, 1825?)

Sir Henry Rowley Bishop, Lectures on music, etc. (11 volumes of manuscripts)

Photographs for the Royal Commonwealth Society collection

A photographic archive relating to Sudan and Ethiopia

Rare books

Walter Burley, De intensione et remissione formarum (Venice, 1496)

Henricus de Herph, Collationes tres notabiles pro cupientibus ad rectissimam christianae religionis normam et perfectionem contemplationis pervenire (Cologne, 1509)

Robert Grosseteste, Opuscula dignissima (Venice, 1514)

Hernando Alonso de Herrera, Disputatio adversus Aristotelem Aristotelicosque sequaces (Salamanca, 1517)

Le mirouer exemplaire du regime et gouvernement des roys (Paris, 1517)

Francis Blomefield, Collectanea Cantabrigiensia (Norwich, 1750) (Copy with annotations by Robert Masters, Christ's College)

J. L. Klüber, Die Sternwarte zu Mannheim (Mannheim, 1811)

Antiquarian law books for the Squire Law Library

(Purchased by means of grants from the Cambridge Law Journal and the Maitland Memorial Fund)

Intrationum liber omnibus legum Anglie studiosis apprime necessarius in se complectens diversas formas placitosu (1546)

John Clayton, Reports and pleas of Assizes at York (1651)

Francis Buller, An introduction to the law relative to trials at Nisi Prius (London, 1767)

The Acts of the Parliaments of Scotland, 1124-1707

Joseph Chitty, A Practical treatise on the law of contracts (London, 1826)

Charles Coote, Sketches of the lives and characters of eminent English civilians, with an historical introduction relative to the Civil Advocates (1804)

W. Hutton, Courts of Requests (Birmingham, 1806)

Donations

Manuscripts

Papers of Sir Frank Young, biochemist (his family)

Further papers of the first Lord Acton (the present Lord Acton)

Correspondence and papers of the Gabrieli family, 17th-19th centuries (Mrs F. Dening-Smitherman)

Further records of Jardine Matheson (Matheson & Co. Ltd)

Manuscript fragments of Charles Darwin, The origin of species and The expression of the emotions (Professor R. D. Keynes, on deposit)

Papers of Sir Neville Mott, physicist and Nobel laureate (Mrs A. Grampin, on deposit)

Typescript report to President Kaunda on rural development and education in Zambia (1974)

Maps

Hollar's London: 37 etchings of London views, 1636-67 (London, 1980) (Paul Hamlyn Foundation)

Transfers

University Archives: records of the Faculty of English, Cambridge University Press, and the Real Tennis Club

Research Support Libraries Programme

The three-year Research Support Libraries Programme (RSLP) ended in July 2002. The University Library participated in twelve projects, which are listed below.

BOPCRIS: to provide a Web-based bibliographic database, including full-text digitization of key documents from eighteenth-, nineteenth-, and twentieth-century British Official Publications, which constitute the most detailed printed primary sources for the study of an extensive range of topics in the social sciences and humanities, providing fundamental information on social, economic, and political issues of their day.

Database of Chinese research materials: to provide a single access point to all research material in Chinese in the United Kingdom, and to give a boost to this initiative by a focused programme of retrospective record conversion, concentrating on the most recent (post-Cultural Revolution) scholarship in all fields; construction of a union catalogue, which will provide a single access point to the major Chinese language collections: the British Library, and the university libraries of Oxford, Cambridge, London (SOAS), Leeds, Edinburgh, and Durham.

Ensemble: to provide enhanced access to the catalogues of printed music published between 1801-1975, by implementing a targeted programme of retrospective conversion that entails the computerization of 180,300 records from the card catalogues of the libraries involved. While the focus of the project is primarily on classical music, it also includes 25,000 machine-readable records produced for popular songs published between 1860-1914.

FLAG (Foreign LAw Guide): an Internet gateway to legal collections held in nearly sixty libraries, including Oxford, Cambridge, London, Manchester, Edinburgh, and Glasgow universities, the British Library, the Advocates' Library (part of the National Library of Scotland), and the National Library of Wales.

Mapping Asia: three sub-projects, the aims of which are: to map existing UK library collections and collecting policies for library materials relating to Asia, the Middle East, and North Africa in order to establish the strengths and weaknesses of the national coverage for research purposes; to provide detailed UK library holding information for newspapers published in any language in Asia, the Middle East, and North Africa appropriate to this area of growing research importance; to gather information about Asian language competence among UK libraries and to explore possibilities for nation-wide collaboration to meet academic library needs for skills in less common Asian languages.

Mapping the world: to open up a major under-used resource for research in a wide range of disciplines in the humanities and social sciences by targeted series-level cataloguing of post-1850 overseas mapping. This will facilitate remote access to key materials by converting map library catalogue records, which at present are held on cards and accessible only to researchers visiting the libraries in person.

MUNDUS: a project to facilitate and improve access to holdings of missionary archives, artefacts, manuscript collections, books, pamphlets, and visual images held in a wide variety of institutions in the United Kingdom. The culmination of the project will be the creation of a cross-sectoral Web-based guide to missionary materials, giving collection-level details of holdings, location, and access information, and providing a search facility by name, place, and subject.

Nineteenth-century pamphlets: enhanced access to collections housed in twenty-one academic libraries across the United Kingdom and raised awareness of this valuable research resource amongst the higher education community through the computerization of 177,000 records from the card catalogues of the libraries involved.

The papers of twentieth century British scientists: RSLP has funded the National Cataloguing Unit for the Archives of Contemporary Scientists at the University of Bath to catalogue the archives of five scientists of exceptional distinction and importance including Sir Nevill Mott (Cavendish Professor of Physics, 1954-1971, and winner of the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1977), whose papers have been catalogued for Cambridge University Library.

Revelation: enhanced awareness of and access to the most substantial printed and archive collections for research into nineteenth- and twentieth-century church history and Christian theology by facilitating access to the catalogues of academic libraries with substantial research collections, and developing a Web-based guide mapping the most important printed and archive collections housed in university, public, or specialized libraries across the United Kingdom.

SCAD: Survey on the Conservation of Asian Documents: the text and illustrations in Asian documents are carried on a more diverse range of materials than western documents; these include papyrus, palm leaf, birch bark, bamboo, wood, ivory, bone, silk, metals, leather, parchment, as well as many different kinds of paper. The purpose of the project is to assess the current physical condition and storage environments of these collections, as a first step towards formulating a preservation and conservation strategy; to improve knowledge of their preservation and conservation needs of Asian; to ensure their long-term survival in UK collections.

South Asia through official eyes: a national audit of core serial South Asian official publications currently purchased by UK libraries, and, based on the results from the survey, a website with descriptive information about collections and an interactive, Web-based, collaborative management tool, both of which will be associated with the RSLP Mapping Asia site. This management tool will be the first step towards the goal of working towards a more co-ordinated and co-operative acquisitions programme.

Oriental collections

There has been growing concern at the number of paperback Chinese books awaiting binding. Following a review of the capacity of the Bindery to handle these materials, it was decided that the only way to make them available to readers was to create a new class in which they could be shelved as paperbacks, and, in future, to bind them only selectively. As part of the RSLP Chinese Research Materials project, the backlog of such materials awaiting cataloguing (some 7,000 volumes) was largely eliminated. That project and the imminent arrival of the 'Newton' system provided a catalyst for the conversion to Pinyin of the remaining records for Chinese books in Wade-Giles romanization. As a result, the Chinese card-catalogue is now closed and all new accessions will be catalogued online only.

Purchases in Hebrew and Arabic have increased substantially, reflecting the need to fill gaps that had developed in the collections. Interest in the Library's important collection of Near Eastern manuscripts continues; some significant additions were made to that collection during the year and it is hoped that progress can be made with making catalogues of some significant parts of the Near Eastern manuscript collection more widely accessible.

The Soka Gakkai, of Japan, published a splendid facsimile of two of the Library's Oriental treasures, the Sanskrit Lotus Sutra manuscripts Add.1682 and Add.1683, edited by Mr Jamieson.

The collection of essays entitled The Cambridge Genizah collections: their contents and significance, edited by Stefan and Shulie Reif (Cambridge, 2002), was published as number 1 in the Genizah Series and Professor Reif's book A Jewish archive from Old Cairo was reprinted in paperback. The Cambridge Genizah collection provided the central focus for a major year-long exhibition at the Spertus Institute in Chicago, and seventeen fragments were loaned in three batches over the course of the year.

Digital Library

Usage of almost all electronic resources increased substantially, with the ERL databases (such as Medline) and Web of Science showing the highest growth. Significant online titles added during the year included:

World of learning
Index to The Times 1790-1980
Cancer handbook
Landmap
American national bibliography
Access UN

The University Library is the University's principal provider of electronic information services. Demand for them continues to increase, from all parts of the University, and there is a growing interest nationally in the provision of e-book collections, principally for undergraduate use. Many of the pricing structures for these, including arrangements negotiated by JISC, are based on the assumption of a centralized model of library provision not applicable in Cambridge. The difficulties caused by the Cambridge library structure for the provision of electronic scientific journals are discussed on page 3; these problems are likely to be felt across other disciplines before long. Almost all the University Library's budget for online and CD-ROM subscriptions is now committed, in some cases to CHEST agreements lasting between three and five years, and so there is very little room for further growth in electronic collections without either additional funding or a reduction in spending on books and paper journals.

Use of the Web-server rose substantially again, to over 11,000,000 requests during the year, a daily average of 30,000. The most popular Web pages were those providing access to online catalogues, electronic journals and databases, the pages of the Darwin Correspondence and Genizah projects, and those mounted in connection with exhibitions.

Since 1998 the Library has been heavily involved in the JISC-funded CEDARS (Curl Exemplars in Digital ARchiveS) Project, which was extended until March 2002. Apart from being one of the three partner sites (with Leeds and Oxford), Cambridge also provided members of the management team for the Project, and the Librarian chaired the Advisory Board. The Project ended with a workshop, held in Manchester in February 2002, which provided an opportunity to review what the project had delivered during its existence; what other key digital preservation developments had occurred during the life of the Project; and to consider future action. The Project also produced a series of 'guidance documents' covering Intellectual property rights, Preservation metadata, Collection management, Digital preservation strategies, and a Digital archiving prototype.

The expertise in digital archiving gained during the CEDARS Project was a major factor in the decision by the Library and the Computing Service to produce for the Cambridge-MIT Institute (CMI) an ambitious proposal for a digital archive for the University, based on the DSpace digital repository developed by MIT Libraries and the Hewlett-Packard Laboratories. The Project is planned to be in three phases; a review of digital preservation needs and practices in the University and nationally, which has already been approved and funded by CMI and began in June 2002; the main project to establish the archive; and a series of seminars and other events to raise institutional awareness and help UK universities to prepare and implement digital preservation strategies. Work also continued with the other legal deposit libraries to test a technical framework offering secure networking of materials deposited under any extension of legal deposit legislation to cover electronic publications.

Apart from the transfer of the main manuscripts catalogue to the 'Newton' system, significant additional progress was made in the electronic delivery of catalogues of manuscripts. The catalogues of business archives and of 7,000 additional manuscripts, held on a database that was becoming obsolete, were successfully transferred to new software that will be compatible with other manuscript and archive records currently being created. The Library has contributed the equivalent of over a thousand pages of typescript lists to the online database of the Political Archives Consortium, part of the Access to Archives (A2A) programme run by the Public Record Office, the British Library, and the Historical Manuscripts Commission. An application to the JISC for funding under the UK Higher Education Archives Hub was successful; it is planned that contributions to this will begin in the coming year. The Library is participating in the Cultural Materials Alliance run by the Research Libraries group and has received a grant to digitize Newton manuscripts from the Macclesfield and Portsmouth collections to add to this resource.

Services

The Reference Department dealt with a growing number of enquiries, of which the overwhelming majority (91%) arrived by e-mail. More than half of these (57%) came from outside the University, and almost 20% were about subjects other than Cambridge, the University, or the Library. Moves towards the establishment of an electronic reference library are being contemplated, as such a development should enable these enquiries to be handled more efficiently.

The programme of user education continued, with fewer sessions but a higher number of participants. The most heavily subscribed were the library induction sessions and those on electronic resources. Several Faculties now include details of the University Library's workshops in their own timetable for students, especially postgraduates. Tailored workshops have also been offered, such as one for graduate students in the Faculty of English on Commonwealth materials. These workshops, though very popular, are staff-intensive and have almost become a victim of their own success. Plans are being drawn up to develop a virtual learning environment whereby documentation and tutorials can be made available online.

The statistics gathered by the turnstile in the Entrance Hall show that the Library continues to be used heavily by readers who are not current staff or students of the University. The largest single category is that of Cambridge graduates who are not studying or employed in the University and who would be regarded as external readers by most universities (indeed many of them are academic staff elsewhere). These plus other external readers account for more than half the total number of registered users and these two categories account for about half the use of the Library measured in terms of the number and duration of visits.

Up to September 2001, the British Library's Document Supply Centre had dealt with requests that it could not satisfy by referring them to 'back-up' libraries, of which Cambridge University Library was the principal one. From the beginning of October that arrangement ceased, and this Library was, therefore, faced with the choice of running down its inter-library loans service, to the detriment of users around the country as well as to local users (as the service makes a modest surplus which is used to subsidize the costs of requests made by Cambridge readers), or of offering a service independent of the British Library. It chose the latter course. Even during the first year of this new service, the number of requests remained at a level close to that of the previous year. The 'back-up' arrangement for the British Library's 'premium services', Urgent Action and Lexicon, continued to operate successfully.

Preservation

The project to conserve the Ely Dean and Chapter records, supported by the Heritage Lottery Fund, came to a successful conclusion. A major part of the collection consists of medieval parchment rolls, many several metres long, which had to be relaxed to make them usable. The collection also contains about fifty music manuscripts bound in sheep or calfskin. These were re-sewn where necessary and boxed.

The Macclesfield collection of Newton papers consists of a wide range of material, including bound items and notebooks, items pasted into 'guardbooks', loose single leaves, and printed items. Conservation work on the collection, funded by the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, is concentrating initially on the guardbooks, which, because of the varied nature of the size and type of their contents, have suffered from use in the past. The paper itself, though 300 years old, is in relatively good condition, but some sheets have been folded (leading to lines of weakness along the fold) and, in some cases, the iron gall ink is burning into the paper, leading to tears and fractures.

Preservation microfilming of the Rosenthal Collection of Africana has been completed and the last batch of master films is due to be sent to the central microfilm store at the National Library of Wales.

Support Services and Accommodation

The opening of the north-west corner extension was greeted with relief by many who have had to put up with cramped accommodation for two years or more. The new reading rooms and offices generally received acclaim from both staff and readers once the teething troubles had been resolved. The Photography Department seem to have suffered most from such problems, perhaps because their requirements are more exacting than most.

The relocation of staff and services placed a great burden on the General and Technical Maintenance staff, who had to organize and carry out the physical moves. This pressure was compounded by the demands of the building work on the south-west corner, and by the continuing work on fire precautions being undertaken by contractors working for the University's Estate Management and Building Service (EMBS). The new glass fire-doors in the main corridors, the installation of which was awaited with some trepidation because of their feared visual impact, are in fact relatively unobtrusive and certainly not offensive even to the most ardent Gilbert Scott fan.

There were major problems with the fire alarms, leading to unnecessary evacuations of the building and complaints from the Fire Service. The agreement of EMBS to fund, as a matter of urgency, the merging of the different fire alarm systems, came as a great relief, especially to those staff expected, in an emergency, to be able to interpret the sometimes contradictory messages from the various panels.

The problems with the University's financial system, now called CUFS, have continued, though at a less acute level than in the previous year. Some improvements have undoubtedly been made to reliability and speed but some modules remain unacceptably slow and cumbersome. This, combined with the disturbance caused by the relocation of the department, led to a significant loss of production in the Photography Department, and thus to a reduction in the financial turnover. More positively, however, the new studio provides the opportunity for the department to move into digital image-processing on a serious basis. Two new digital workstations were purchased to meet the rapidly growing demand for digital images both from external customers and from Library projects financed from external sources.

Exhibitions

Main Exhibition Centre

'Fantasy to Federation: European maps of Australia to 1901'

To September 2001

'Footprints of the Lion: Isaac Newton at work'

October 2001 to March 2002

Prepared by Mr Scott Mandelbrote and opened by Sir Patrick Moore

'Beauty and the Book, gems of colour printing'

April to September 2002

Prepared by Ms Robinson and opened by Mr Bamber Gascoigne

The receptions for the opening ceremonies were sponsored by Cambridge University Press.

Short-term exhibitions in the North-Front corridor

'Clothing the book'

Victorian publishers' bindings

June to September 2001

'Rudyard Kipling'

To coincide with the Kipling conference in Magdalene College and the anniversary of the publication of Kim in 1901.

September to November 2001

'Visual arts in Latin America'

To coincide with the annual Cambridge Symposium organized by the Department of Spanish and Portuguese

November 2001 to January 2002

'Lady Margaret's Professors of Divinity'

To coincide with the events organized by the Faculty of Divinity to mark the 500th Anniversary of the Lady Margaret's Professorship

January to March 2002

'Roy Porter'

A small selection of his books to commemorate his work, after his untimely death on 3 March 2002

March 2002 to May 2002

'The Queen's Jubilee'

A selection of books from the Legal Deposit Department

May to July 2002

Items from the Library's collections were loaned to the following exhibitions

National Library of Australia, Canberra: 'Treasures from the world's great libraries'

Spertus Institute of Jewish Studies, Chicago: 'A gateway to medieval Mediterranean life: Cairo's Ben Ezra Synagogue'

Friedrich Schiller Museum, Marbach: 'Sicherheit ist nirgends: das Tagebuch Arthur Schnitzlers'

Tewkesbury Abbey: 'To the greater glory of God: 900th anniversary of Tewkesbury Abbey'

Dependent Libraries

Medical Library

The statistics gathered at the Medical Library are a good indicator of the impact of electronic publishing on library users' patterns of behaviour. The number of new readers registering with the Library has remained fairly constant but the number of physical visits has declined from around 144,000 in 1999-2000 to about 116,000 this year. Against this, in just one year there was a 63% rise in the number of searches of the online service Medline, from 136,000 to 223,000. The installation of a wireless computer network within the Clinical School building means that users with their own laptops can now have access to the full range of the Medical Library's networked resources from anywhere in the building.

The National Health Service is one of the major constituent user groups of the Medical Library and this year saw important advances in the delivery of information services to NHS users. CamBIS (Cambridgeshire Bibliographical Information Service) provides all Cambridgeshire NHS staff with access to a range of major medical and healthcare databases, and CHERVIL (Cambridgeshire Health Evidence-based Resources Virtual Information and Libraries), managed for the county by the Medical Library, provides guidance on local healthcare information resources and links to CamBIS. The future of these services is, however, far from secure, as the NHS underwent yet another management re-organization in April 2002. This re-organization also affected the Medical Library's funding streams for its NHS support, with results that are as yet unclear. A review of healthcare information provision served to bring closer together the senior staff of the Addenbrooke's Trust and the Medical Library. This strengthening of the links assumed a greater importance with the decision by the Trust to abandon its plan to construct a separate learning centre - a plan that had been opposed by the Medical Library Sub-Syndicate.

Science libraries

The establishment of the new Betty and Gordon Moore Library is described on page 2 and the issues of scholarly communication and the co-ordination of scientific journals on page 3.

The transfer of a significant part of its stock to the Moore Library meant that space in the Scientific Periodicals Library could be used more effectively. The journal collections in both open and closed-stack areas were re-spaced, and all the printed abstracts and indexes relocated onto the same floor. However, it remains that the SPL building is fundamentally unsuited as a scientific library for the twenty-first century. Given that the concept of a purpose-built central Biological Sciences Library seems no longer to be a realistic aspiration, it is essential that means should be found whereby the Library can take over the remainder of the Arts Building and thus allow the basement stack area to be opened up for reader access. Now that the distractions of planning the Moore Library have passed, this will be the next priority for the SPL staff.

Squire Law Library

The Library Syndicate established a task force to consider how it might best consult its varied constituencies of readers on a regular basis. The task force recommended that the use of Libra Survey software developed by Priority Research Limited should be considered and that a pilot survey should be carried out in the Squire. This survey was undertaken in March 2002. Readers were first asked one question: how can the service provided by the Squire be improved to meet your current and future needs? On the basis of the responses to this question, a second questionnaire was devised to assess the level of importance readers assigned to these. It was gratifying to note that the general perception of the Squire and its services was a positive one. Readers' priorities for future improvements were, in order: cheaper photocopying, more online journals, more re-shelving of books by staff during the day, allowing people to drink water in the library, more copies of core text books. The Law Library Sub-syndicate will be considering the implications of this response during the coming year.

In October 2001 'the largest legal book auction within living memory' took place following the disposal of books by the Birmingham Law Society. Thanks to generous support from the Faculty of Law through the Cambridge Law Journal, and the Maitland Memorial Fund, the Library was able to fill significant gaps in its collections by the purchase of over 570 volumes, most of which were previously unavailable in Cambridge, many of them being very rare indeed. The subject coverage included: land law and conveyancing, procedure and pleading, civil and foreign law, criminal law, obligations, legal philosophy, ecclesiastical law, and biographies.

In 2004 the Squire will celebrate the centenary of its foundation by Miss Rebecca Flower Squire. Associated with those celebrations will be the establishment of an endowment fund to help the Library to maintain and develop its services for the future. The appeal to raise the funds for this endowment will be launched during 2002-03.

Staff

The problems of recruitment and retention of staff, felt across the University, are particularly acute in the Library, where a high proportion of the staff are in clerical, technical, and maintenance grades. Cambridge is an area of high employment and high cost of living, and the University's salaries are now so unattractive that vacancies are being left unfilled for months, sometimes for years. Posts in cleaning, technical maintenance, and the bindery seem to be impossible to fill, with the small number of applicants usually evaporating either before interview or when they realize just what salary they would be receiving. This is becoming an ever more serious problem which is putting at risk not just the services of the Library but also the safety and security of its buildings and their users. Despite a tremendous commitment from the staff concerned, the Library has, on a number of occasions, been unable to remain open after 5 p.m. because there were simply not enough of the critical staff (mainly technical staff) available to shut down such a complex building. This shortage is directly related to the number of unfilled (and apparently unfillable) vacancies.

Miss Kathleen Cann retired from her post in the Manuscripts Department and Mr Jeremy Wong, Head of the Library Offices, resigned to move to a new job. Mr Stephen Lees stood down as Head of the Accessions Division and took on a part-time role dealing with modern Greek books; Mrs Marjolein Allen took over the Headship of the Legal Deposit Department from him on a temporary basis and Miss Murray oversaw matters at a divisional level until the planned review of accessions and cataloguing takes place next year. Following a review of Library-wide services, Mr Brian Jenkins took on responsibility for collection management whilst remaining Head of the Special Collections division. He relinquished his position as Head of the Rare Books Department, however, and was succeeded in this by Ms Nicola Thwaite.

Most staff training during the year was necessarily concerned with preparations for the implementation of the 'Newton' system, but the usual basic orientation and induction courses for new staff, and the course in reference work for junior staff, continued. Mrs Lesley Noblett, from Cambridgeshire Libraries and Information Services, ran a workshop on customer care, and a number of staff attended courses organized by the University's Staff Development Office, Computing Service, and Disability Resource Centre. Professor Reif is to be congratulated on the award of a Litt.D. by the University.

The deaths of the following former members of staff are recorded with regret: Mr R. Jordan, Mrs M. A. Merritt, Dr D. M. Owen (former Keeper of the University Archives), Dr M. I. Scott (former Head of the Chinese section), Mrs W. T. Webster, and Miss E. Yorke (former Head of the Financial Office).

Munby Fellowship in Bibliography

Munby Fellow, 2001-02: Ms Susie West: 'Living with books: the Norfolk elite and their libraries, 1660-1830'.

In July 2002 the Library marked twenty-five years of the Munby Fellowship with a reception and lecture on 'The irresistible rise of colour printing from wood blocks: major achievements of the Victorian age' by Dr Susanna Avery-Quash (Munby Fellow, 1997-8).

Statistics

+ Figures for 2001-02 (but not earlier years) include purchases from grants, trust funds, etc. (see page 10)

Library Staff - Professional Activities

Publications, papers presented, membership of committees

M. C. Allen

Committee membership

Copyright Libraries Agency Management Committee

Standing Committee on Legal Deposit

R. M. Andrewes

Committee membership

Bliss Trust (Trustee)

Répertoire International de Littérature Musicale, Commission Mixte (IAML Representative)

RISM (UK) Trust (Trustee and Treasurer)

William Alwyn Foundation (Trustee)

C. A. Aylmer

Paper presented

'The Chinese RSLP project', Seminar on Internet Resources for Oriental Studies, Cambridge, September 2001

Committee membership

China Library Group, Periodicals Sub-committee

Endeavor Information Systems, Unicode Task Force

G. D. Bye

Committee membership

British Standards Institute Committee for Micrographics and Digitisation

International Standards Organization Committee for Micrographics and Digitization

Data Archiving Association Committee

National Preservation Office, Micrographics Technical Committee

S. H. M. Cameron

Joint editor: Cambridge University Libraries Information Bulletin

Committee membership

Copyright Libraries Shared Cataloguing Programme, Steering Committee

Library Committee, Henry Martyn Centre for Mission and World Christianity, Cambridge

K. J. Cann

'Purchases by the Friends: manuscripts', Bulletin of the Friends of Cambridge University Library, 22 (2001)

C. T. Clarkson

Committee membership

University's Disability Advisory Group

J. Cox

Committee membership

Janus Steering Group (Chair)

Cambridge Archivists' Group (Secretary)

Society for the Study of the History of the University (Secretary)

B. E. Eaden

Paper presented

'Cambridge: from back-up to independence - a year of challenge', Forum for Interlending Conference, Exeter, July 2002.

P. K. Fox

'Archiving of electronic publications: some thoughts on cost', Learned Publishing, 15 (2002)

'Cambridge, bibliothèque de l'université', in Dictionnaire encyclopédique du livre, A-D, (Paris, 2002)

Papers presented

'Cambridge University Library: from oracle bones to CD-ROMs', Northumbrian Cambridge Association, Newcastle, October 2001; Trinity College Dublin Association, Cambridge Branch, Cambridge, November 2001

'Digital content - the pleasures and pitfalls of ownership: preservation and access. The university library perspective', Annual Conference of SCONUL, Cambridge, April 2002

Committee membership

National Preservation Office Board (Chairman)

Wellcome Trust Library Advisory Committee (Chairman)

British Library/Wellcome Trust Research Resources in Medical History Panel (Chairman)

Brotherton Collection Advisory Committee (Chairman)

CEDARS Advisory Board (Chairman)

Joint Committee on Voluntary Deposit

Research Support Libraries Programme Steering Group

Friends of the National Libraries, Executive Committee

Lord Chancellor's Advisory Council on Public Records

Charles Darwin Trust (Trustee)

D. J. Hall

Associate Editor, New Dictionary of National Biography

Committee membership

Friends of the National Libraries, Executive Committee

National Preservation Office, National Committee for Preservation Surrogates

National Preservation Office, Preservation Administrators Panel

Dr Williams's Trust, adviser to Library Committee

Cambridge Bibliographical Society Committee

Friends of Cambridge University Library (Treasurer)

S. J. Hills

Committee membership

Copyright Libraries Shared Cataloguing Programme, Steering Committee

J. E. Hoare

Committee membership

British Association for American Studies, Library and Resources Sub-Committee

I. D. Holowaty

Paper presented

''Tis hard to teach old dogs new tricks: trials of an e-resources trainer', JISC Bibliographic Dataservices User Group workshop, Oxford

E. C. D. Hunter

Papers presented

Conferences in Iraq and England

Committee membership

International Association of Manichaean Studies (Secretary)

R. C. Jamieson

Saddharmapundarikasutram: Sanskrit Lotus Sutra manuscripts from Cambridge University Library, facsimile edition (Tokyo, 2002)

'Kenburijji Daigaku Toshokan Shozo Bonbun Hokekyo shahon (Add. 1682 oyobi 1683) shashi-ban yori', Toyo gokujutsu kenkyu, 41 (2002)

Committee membership

National Council on Orientalist Library Resources, Automation Working Party

Union Handlist of Manuscripts in North Indian Languages (committee member)

Faculty of Divinity, Working Group on Online Resources for Indic Studies (Chairman)

P. Killiard

Committee membership

CEDARS Management Group

N. Koyama

'Three Meiji marriages between Japanese men and English women' in Britain and Japan: biographical portraits, vol. 4, ed. H. Cortazzi (London 2002)

Papers presented

'Ernest Satow and Japanese history following the opening of Japan, focussing on the translation of two Japanese history books', Annual Conference of the European Association of Japanese Resource Specialists, Bratislava, September 2001. Also published in EAJRS Newsletter, 9 (2002)

'Research materials for Japanese studies in Great Britain', International Conference on the Enhancement of Information Availability for Scholarly Resources in Japanese Studies, Tokyo, December 2001

Committee membership

Japan Library Group (Chair)

European Association of Japanese Resource Specialists (board member)

S. V. Lambert

Committee membership

Joint Steering Committee for the Revision of Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules, Format Variation Working Group

E. S. Leedham-Green

Committee membership

Cambridgeshire County Archives Advisory Group (Chairman)

Bibliographical Society of London (Vice-President)

Cambridge Bibliographical Society (Hon. Editor)

Cambridgeshire Records Society (committee member and Technical Editor)

Panizzi Selection Committee, British Library (member)

Cambridge Antiquarian Society (Council member)

Senate House, Societies and Theatre Syndicates (member)

S. M. Lees

Committee membership

Copyright Libraries Agency Management Committee

Standing Committee on Legal Deposit

C. Mackay

'The Macclesfield project', Bulletin of the Friends of Cambridge University Library, 22 (2001)

S. Morcillo-García

Committee membership

Advisory Council on Latin American and Iberian Information Resources

P. B. Morgan

Book reviews in Health Information and Libraries Journal

Book reviews editor: Health Information and Libraries Journal

Committee membership

8th European Conference of Medical and Health Libraries (Cologne 2002), International Programme Committee

BMJ Publishing Group Library Advisory Committee

European Association for Health Information and Libraries, UK representative

Health Care Librarians of Anglia Group

Clinical School/Addenbrookes Hospital SIFT Liaison Group

West Suffolk Hospitals NHS Trust Library Committee

Fulbourn Hospital PME Library Committee

University Medical School Librarians' Group (Webmaster)

Cambridgeshire Health Librarians' Group

Wellcome Library 'Mapping Medicine' Advisory Board

A. E. Murray

'Staff Development Policies 2002', SCONUL Working Paper (with M. Oldroyd)

Committee membership

SCONUL Advisory Committee on Staffing

CURL Staffing Task Force

F. Niessen

'An anonymous Karaite commentary on the Book of Hosea' in Exegesis and grammar in medieval Karaite texts, edited by G. Khan (Oxford, 2001)

W. A. Noblett

Editor: Newsletter (Cambridge Bibliographical Society)

Committee membership

Cambridge Bibliographical Society Committee

East Anglian European Information Relay (steering committee member)

A. J. Perkins

'Extraneous government business: the Astronomer Royal as Government Scientist. George Bidell Airy and his work on the commissions of state and other bodies, 1838-1880', Journal of Astronomical History and Heritage, 4 (2001)

B. Outhwaite

'Karaite epistolary Hebrew: the letters of Toviyya ben Moshe', in Exegesis and grammar in medieval Karaite texts, edited by G. Khan (Oxford, 2001)

S. C. Reif

The Cambridge Genizah collections: their contents and significance (Cambridge, 2002)

'The Cairo Genizah', Libraries and Culture 37 (2002)

'The Cairo Genizah' in The Biblical world, edited by J. Barton (London, 2002)

'Some notions of restoration in early Rabbinic prayer', in Restoration: Old Testament, Jewish and Christian perspectives, edited by J.M. Scott (Leiden, 2001)

Book reviews in Journal of Semitic Studies, SOTS Book List

Papers presented

Twenty-four papers at various conferences and seminars.

Committee membership

Jewish Historical Society of England (Council member)

Friedberg Genizah Project, Academic Committee

National Council on Orientalist Library Resources

J. S. Ringrose

'The legacy of M.R. James in Cambridge University Library', in The legacy of M.R. James (Donington 2001)

'An early Cambridge telephone', Pembroke College Cambridge Annual Gazette, 75 (2001)

F. W. Roberts

Book review in Health Information and Libraries Journal

Committee membership

Advisory Editorial Board member: Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine

Committee membership

East Anglia Online Users Group (Co-ordinator)

OMNI/BioResearch Advisory Group

Clinical School Technical Infrastructure Management Sub-committee

Cambridgeshire Health Librarians' Group (Webmaster)

G. J. Roper

'Index Islamicus: bati dillerinde Islâm dini ve Islâm dünyasiyla neşriyati takip eden bibliyografik yayin' Türkiye Diyanet Vakfi Islâm Ansiklopedisi (Istanbul, 2000)

Committee membership

MELCOM UK, Middle East Libraries Committee

European Association of Middle Eastern Studies (Council member)

British Society for Middle Eastern Studies

UK Friends of the Alexandria Library (Executive Committee member)

R. Scrivens

Reviews Editor: Solanus: International Journal for Russian and East European Bibliographic, Library and Publishing Studies

Committee membership

Council for Slavonic and East European Libraries and Information Services

A. Shivtiel

'An unknown message by Maimonides', in Essays in honour of Alexander Fodor on his sixtieth birthday, edited by K. Devenyi and T. Ivanyi (Budapest, 2001)

'A 19th-century blood libel and its reflection in the Arabic version of August Rohling's Der Talmudjude,' in Hebrew language and Jewish studies, edited by A. Ben-David and I. Gluska (Jerusalem, 2002)

'On the origin of the word barid in Arabic: a brief note', Journal of Middle Eastern Studies, 29 (2002)

Reviews in Journal of Semitic Studies

Papers presented

Lectures in England and Hungary

A. E. M. Taylor

Paper presented

'The acquisition of modern maps', Map Curators' Group Workshop, Liverpool, September 2001

Book review in Bulletin of the Society of Cartographers

Committee membership

British and Irish Committee for Map Information and Catalogue Systems (BRICMICS)

Friends of Cambridge University Library (Editor of Bulletin)

J. R. H. Taylor

Committee membership

Copyright Libraries Shared Cataloguing Programme, Steering Committee (Chairman)

CURL Resource Discovery and Description Committee

RLIN Database Advisory Group

Book Industry Communication, Bibliographic Standards Technical Subgroup

N. Thwaite

Committee membership

Cambridge Bibliographical Society (Treasurer)

J. D. Wells

'Purchases by the Friends: manuscripts', Bulletin of the Friends of Cambridge University Library, 21 (2000)

Committee membership

Friends of Cambridge University Library (Secretary)

D. F. Wills

'The Squire Law Library: past, present and future', Cambridge Law Link, Faculty of Law Newsletter, 2 (2001)

Committee membership

British and Irish Association of Law Librarians, Conference Committee (Chair)

P. N. R. Zutshi

'The Macclesfield Collection', Bulletin of the Friends of Cambridge University Library, 21 (2000)

'Purchases by the Friends: manuscripts', Bulletin of the Friends of Cambridge University Library, 22 (2001)

Paper presented

'The connection to purgatory: papal licences to choose a confessor', conference: 'Cultures of the Avignon Papacy', University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, April 2002

Committee membership

Cambridgeshire County Archives Advisory Group (member)

Northamptonshire Record Office, Advisory and Technical Panel (member)

East of England Regional Archives Council (SCONUL and RLG representative)

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Cambridge University Reporter, Monday 20 January 2003
Copyright © 2003 The Chancellor, Masters and Scholars of the University of Cambridge.