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Modern and Medieval Languages Tripos, Part IA and Part IB, 1999: Prescribed texts and topics

PART IA

Dutch

This paper will be divided into two sections. Section A will contain questions on the prescribed texts; Section B will include questions on the prescribed topics, as well as some broader questions on Dutch culture. Candidates must answer four questions, at least one from each section.

(a) Prescribed texts:
Multatuli, Max Havelaar; Stijn Streuvels, De Vlaschaard; Marcellus Emants, Een nagelaten bekentenis; Louis Couperus, De stille kracht; Arthur van Schendel, De Waterman; Willem Elsschot, Kaas; F. Bordewijk, Blokken; W. F. Hermans, Het behouden huis; Hugo Claus, Omtrent Deedee; Kristien Hemmerechts, Veel vrouwen, af en toe een man; Marcel Möring, Het grote verlangen.

(b) Topics
1. The colonial empire; 2. The Flemish movement; 3. The pillarization of Dutch society in the interbellum; 4. The two World Wars; 5. The burgher and the revolution: 1950 and all that; 6. The visual arts: from narrative to abstract (1860 to 1940); 7. Open curtains: literature and society, 1970 to the present day.

French

A general study of the present-day structure and varieties of French, together with a study of the general linguistic background.

Fr. 2. French literary texts: an introduction

Jean Genet: Les Bonnes (Paris: Gallimard, coll. Folio), Les Nègres (Paris: Gallimard, coll. Folio). Charles Baudelaire: Les Fleurs du mal, ed. Jacques Dupont (Paris: Garnier Flammarion). Choderlos de Laclos, Les Liaisons dangereuses (Paris: Livre de Poche, or Gallimard, Coll. Folio). Mme de Lafayette: La Princesse de Clèves (Paris: Gallimard, coll. Folio). Montaigne: Essais, Livre III, Chap. ii, 'Du repentir', Chap. viii 'De l'art de conférer', Chap. xiii 'De l'experience'. Recommended edition third volume of Essais, ed. A. Micha (Paris: Garnier Flammarion). Villon: Le Testament, ed. Jean Dufournet (Paris: Garnier Flammarion).

German

A thorough knowledge of the following passages is required: Wilhelm Braune, Althochdeutsches Lesebuch, Tübingen, 1969, passages XX, sections 3-6, XLIV, section A, Aus dem Heliand, II, Aus. III, Aus. XXXV, section B, I lines 1-26, II; M. O'C. Walshe, A Middle High German Reader, Oxford, 1974, section IV; Alfred Götze, Frühneuhochdeutsches Lesebuch, Göttingen, 1958, sections 1(a), 3(b), 8, 11 (b) (lines 197-233), 12(b), 13, 16 (lines 1-81), 19(a), 20(d), 26(c), 27(b), 31(a) (lines 1-34).

Ge. 2. Introduction to German history and thought since 1750

An introduction to some of the problems of the historical past and the way in which representative German thinkers (such as Kant, Marx, and Freud) have seen it.

Ge. 3. A prescribed topic in German literature since 1750: Introduction to German literary texts

This paper offers an introduction to fiction, drama, and poetry through some of the most important texts in German literary history. Authors studied include Goethe, Schiller, Kafka, and Brecht.

Modern Greek

The paper will be divided into two sections. Section A will contain questions on the prescribed texts; Section B will include questions on the prescribed topics, as well as some broader questions on Greek culture. Candidates must answer four questions, at least one from each section.

(a) Texts:

(b) Topics:
The language question, 1888-1920; World War I and the Asia Minor disaster; dictatorship and civil war; the military in Greek politics; Church and state; Greece and the Balkans.

Hungarian

Kaffka, Szinek és évek; Füst Milán, Összes versei; Kosztolányi, Édes Anna; Radnóti, Tajtékos ég; Szabó Lörinc, Tücsökzene; Németh László, Galilei.

Italian

The purpose of this paper is to ensure that all students have the opportunity to study certain literary texts from both a linguistic and a literary point of view. Passages for comment will invite attention to both stylistic and historical features of the language; and appropriate teaching will be offered throughout the year on the philological as well as the literary aspects of the paper.

Set texts for study are:

Dante, Inferno; Petrarch, selections from Rime Sparse; Verga, a selection from Tutte le novelle; Calvino, Gli amori difficili.

Polish

Mickiewicz, Sonety krymskie; Sowacki, W Szwajcarii; Norwid, Vade-mecum; Prus, Powracajca fala; Sienkiewicz, Quo Vadis; Wyspiaski, Noc listopadowa.

Po. 2. Polish literature, thought, and history, from 1918 to 1956, with special reference to the following:

eromski, Przedwionie; Pollak-Matuszewski, Poezja polska 1914-1939; Witkiewicz, Szewcy; Gombrowicz, Ferdydurke; Miosz, Wiersze (London, 1967); Borowski, Poegnanie z Mari.

Portuguese

A general study of the present-day structure and varieties of Portuguese, together with a study of the general linguistic background.

Candidates will be required to answer four questions, including at least one from Sections A and B.

Pg. 2. Introduction to Lusophone literature

Candidates will be required to answer three questions, taken from at least two sections.

This subject will include Portuguese, Brazilian, and African works, with special reference to the following texts:

Portugal: Anthology of Portuguese verse (including selected poems by Camões and Fernando Pessoa); Eça de Queiroz, O Crime do Padre Amaro; José Régio, Histórias de Mulheres.

Brazil: Anthology of Brazilian Modernist verse (including selected poems by Manuel Bandeira); Graciliano Ramos, Vidas Secas; Lygia Fagundes Telles, Os Melhores Contos; Bernardo Guimarães, A Escrava Isaura.

Lusophone Africa: Anthology of Afro-Portuguese verse (including poems by José Craveirinha, Noémia de Sousa, Rui Knopfli); Luís Bernardo Honwana, Nós Matámos o Cão-Tinhoso.

Pg. 3. Portuguese literature, thought, and history, since 1825

Almeida Garrett, Frei Luís de Sousa; Camilo Castelo Branco, Amor de Perdição, A Brasileira de Prazins; Júlio Dinis, As Pupilas do Senhor Reitor; Cesário Verde, O Livro de Cesário Verde; Eça de Queiroz, O Primo Basílio; Maria Judite de Carvalho, Os Armários Vazios; Olga Gonçalves, A Floresta em Bremerhaven.

Candidates will be required to answer three questions.

Russian

Candidates will be required to answer three questions, one from each section.

Section A, From Rus' to Rossiia: Kiev, Moscow, St Petersburg, with special reference to:

Section B, Aspects of Culture and Society: (i) Peasants in fact and fiction, with special reference to

Section C, Literary Analysis. A passage from Pushkin, will be set for commentary.

Ru. 2. Introduction to Russian literature, history, and culture since 1861

Candidates will be required to answer three questions, one from each section.

Section A, Reforms and Utopias: (i) Remaking the state; (ii) Remaking the peasantry; (iii) Remaking industry.

Section B, Writers and Society: (i) Dreamers and Utopias, with special reference to

Section C, Literary and Source Analysis: passages for commentary will be set from

Spanish

A general study of the present-day structure and varieties of Spanish, together with a study of the general linguistic background.

Candidates will be required to answer four questions, including at least one from Sections A and B.

Sp. 2. Introduction to Hispanic texts

Candidates will be required to answer three questions, one from each of three sections

(a) Hispanic literature before 1700; (b) Hispanic literature, 1860-1960; (c) Hispanic literature after 1960.

Greek and Latin

Candidates must answer Sections A and B, and two questions from Section C.

GL 7. Virgil, Eclogues; Aeneid 6, 7, 8

Candidates must answer Sections A and B, and two questions from Section C.

PART IB

Dutch

Du. 1.*Dutch literature

This paper will be divided into two sections. Section A will contain questions on the prescribed texts; Section B will include questions on the prescribed topics, as well as some broader questions on Dutch culture. Candidates must answer four questions, at least one from each section.

(a) Prescribed texts:
Multatuli, Max Havelaar; Stijn Streuvels, De Vlaschaard; Marcellus Emants, Een nagelaten bekentenis; Louis Couperus, De stille kracht; Arthur van Schendel, De Waterman; Willem Elsschot, Kaas; F. Bordewijk, Blokken; W. F. Hermans, Het behouden huis; Hugo Claus, Omtrent Deedee; Kristien Hemmerechts, Veel vrouwen, af en toe een man; Marcel Möring, Het grote verlangen.

(b) Topics:
1. The colonial empire; 2. The Flemish movement; 3. The pillarization of Dutch society in the interbellum; 4. The two World Wars; 5. The burgher and the revolution: 1950 and all that; 6. The visual arts: from narrative to abstract (1860 to 1940); 7. Open curtains: literature and society, 1970 to the present day.

Du. 2.The literature and society of the Low Countries, before 1585

Candidates must answer four questions, at least one from each section

Section (A):
Texts:
Historie van Roncevale; Roman der Lorreinen; Renout van Montalbaen; Karel ende Elegast; Huge van Bordeeus; Ferguut; Moriaen; Hendrik van Veldeke, Eneide; Sint Servaes; Hoofse gedichten; Jacob van Maerlant, Spieghel Historiael (selection); Der Kercken Claghe; Vanden lande van Oversee; Penninc and Vostaert, Roman van Walewein.

Topics:
Charlemagne in Middle Dutch literature; Jacob van Maerlant and the Crusades; Arthurian literature.

Section (B):
Texts:
Een schoone historie van Floris ende Blancefloer; De historie van Sanderijn en Lanslot; Die geboorte van Vrou Margriete; Thomas van der Noot, Dwonder van claren ijse ende snee.

Topics:
The printing presses and the development of urban literature; The Chambers of Rhetoric.

Du. 4.The literature, history, and visual arts of the Netherlands, from 1585 to 1700

Section (A); Literature:
P. C. Hooft, Granida; G. A. Bredero, Moortje; J. van den Vondel, Lucifer.

Section (B); History:
P. C. Hooft, Neederlandsche Histoorien (selection); P. C. Hooft, Geeraerdt van Velsen; J. van den Vondel, Palamedes and Leeuwendalers; Willem Ysbrandt Bontekoe, Journael (selection).

Section (C); Visual arts:
Karel van Mander, Het Schilder-Boeck (selection)

Topics:
Rembrandt van Rhijn and the Bible; Johannes Vermeer; The Seaborne Empire

Du. 6.The history, varieties and structure of the Dutch language

Reading lists can be obtained from the Department of Other Languages.

Candidates taking this paper in Part IB must answer four questions of which one may be a commentary question.

French

Fr. 3.French literature

There are no prescribed texts for this paper. Further information and reading lists can be obtained from the Department of French.

Fr. 4.French Occitan literature, thought, and history, before 1356

Il Canzoniere di Jaufre Rudel, ed. G. Chiarini (Rome, 1985); Les Poésies de Peire Vidal, ed. J. Anglade, second edition (Paris, 1923); The Poems of the Troubadour Raimbaut de Vaqueiras, ed. J. Linskill (The Hague, 1964); La Chanson de Girart de Roussillon, ed. M. de Combarieu du Grès and G. Gouiran (Paris, 1993).

Fr. 5.French literature, thought, and history, from 1300 to 1510

There are no prescribed texts for this paper. Further information and reading lists can be obtained from the Department of French.

Fr. 6.French literature, thought, and history, from 1510 to 1622

There are no prescribed texts for this paper. Further information and reading lists can be obtained from the Department of French.

Fr. 7.French literature, thought, and history, from 1594 to 1700

There are no prescribed texts for this paper. Further information and reading lists can be obtained from the Department of French.

Fr. 8.French literature, thought, and history, from 1690 to 1789

There are no prescribed texts for this paper. Further information and reading lists can be obtained from the Department of French.

Fr. 9.French literature, thought, and history, from 1789 to 1898

There are no prescribed texts for this paper. Further information and reading lists can be obtained from the Department of French.

Fr. 10.French literature, thought, and history, since 1890

There are no prescribed texts for this paper. Further information and reading lists can be obtained from the Department of French.

Fr. 11.The history of the French language

W. Ayres-Bennett, A History of the French Language through Texts (London, 1996) extract nos. 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 11, 14, 15, 19, 20, 21, 24, 25, 27, 28, 31, 35, 36, 37, 43.

Fr. 13.A special period or subject in French literature, thought, or history: Modern critical theory

There are no prescribed texts for this paper. Further information and reading lists can be obtained from the Department of French. Particulars of this special subject were published in the Reporter, 1987-88, p. 541.

German

Ge. 1*.Aspects of the history of the German language

A thorough knowledge of the following passages is required: Wilhelm Braune, Althochdeutsches Lesebuch, Tübingen, 1969, passages XX, sections 3-6, XLIV, section A, Aus dem Heliand, II, Aus. III, Aus. XXXV, section B, I lines 1-26, II; M. O'C. Walshe, A Middle High German Reader, Oxford, 1974, section IV; Alfred Götze, Frühneuhochdeutsches Lesebuch, Göttingen, 1958, sections 1(a), 3(b), 8, 11(b) (lines 197-233), 12(b), 13, 16 (lines 1-81), 19(a), 20(d), 26(c), 27(b), 31(a) (lines 1-34).

Ge. 2*.Introduction to German history and thought since 1750

An introduction to some of the problems of the historical past and the way in which representative German thinkers (such as Kant, Marx, and Freud) have seen it.

Ge. 3.A prescribed topic in German literature since 1750: Introduction to German literary texts

This paper offers an introduction to fiction, drama, and poetry through some of the most important texts in German literary history. Authors studied include Goethe, Schiller, Kafka, and Brecht.

Ge. 4.German literature, thought, and history, before 1230

Passages may be set for translation and commentary from the following:

Althochdeutsche poetische Texte, ed. K. A. Wipf, Stuttgart, 1992 (Reclams Universal-Bibliothek 8709), nos XII (Hildebrandslied), XIII, 1 (Ludwigslied), XV, 2 (Memento mori), XVI (Muspilli).

Gottfried von Strassburg, Tristan, ed. Friedrich Ranke, fifteenth edition, Dublin & Zurich, 1978, or ed. Rüdiger Krohn, Stuttgart, 1980 (Reclams Universal-Bibliothek 4471-3), lines 10803-12568.

Walther von der Vogelweide, Gedichte, ed. Peter Wapnewski, Frankfurt, 1972 (Fischer Taschenbuch 6052), nos 5, 7, 9-17, 19, 21-4, 26-33.

Ge. 5.German literature, thought, and history, from 1200 to 1500

Passages may be set for translation and commentary from the following:

Wolfram von Eschenbach, Willehalm, ed. Joachim Heinzle, Frankfurt, 1991 (Bibliothek des Mittelalters (9) or Tübingen, 1994 (Altdeutsche Textbibliothek 108), lines 269, 1-333, 11.

Neidhart von Reuental, Lieder, ed. Helmut Lomnitzer, Stuttgart, 1984 (Reclams Universal-Bibliothek 6927).

Oswald von Wolkenstein, Lieder, ed. Burghart Wachinger, Stuttgart, 1980 (Reclams Universal-Bibliothek 2839).

Ge. 6. German literature, thought, and history, from 1500 to 1732

No prescribed texts are published, but lists of recommended reading are available from the Department of German.

Ge. 7*. German literature, thought, and history, from 1700 to 1815

Subjects in history for special study: Frederick the Great and political, social, and literary aspects of the Aufklärung.

Subject in thought for special study: German Idealism with special reference to Deutscher Idealismus, ed. R. Bubner (Reclam 9916), pp. 29-280.

Ge. 8*.Goethe

Lists of recommended reading are available in the Department of German.

Ge. 9*.German literature, thought, and history, from 1815 to 1914

Subjects in history for special study: The Revolution of 1848 and The Foundation of the Second German Empire.

Subject in thought for special study: Theories of Tragedy with special reference to the following: Hegel, Ästhetik, Dritter Teil. Dritter Abschnitt. Drittes Kapitel. C. III. 3. 'Die Arten der dramatischen Poesie und deren historische Hauptmomente'; Schopenhauer, Die Welt als Wille und Vorstellung I, §§ 33, 34, 49, 51, 52; Nietzsche, Die Geburt der Tragödie.

Ge. 10.German literature, thought, and history, since 1910

Subjects in history for special study: The Weimar Republic; The Third Reich; The History of the Federal Republic and the GDR.

Subjects in thought for special study: Psychoanalysis (core text: S. Freud, Das Unbehagen in der Kultur); Political Thought (core text: Carl Schmitt, Der Begriff des Politischen); Theories of Art and Culture (core text: the section 'Kulturindustrie' in M. Horkheimer and T. W. Adorno, Dialektik der Aufklärung).

Ge. 11.The history of the German language, with special reference to the following, from which passages will be set for translation and comment:

Wilhelm Braune, Althochdeutsches Lesebuch, Tübingen, 1969, passages I (1), II (3), V (2), VI, X, XII, XIII (a) and (b), XIX, XX (5) to (7), XXI (1), XXIII (1), XXXII (16) to (18), XXXVI, XLIV (lines 2902-2973); M. O'C. Walshe, A Middle High German Reader, Oxford, 1974, pp. 91-101, 119-32, 137-45; S. Singer, Mittelhochdeutsches Lesebuch, Berne, 1945, Sections I, X (lines 1-117), XV; A. Götze, Frühneuhochdeutsches Lesebuch, Göttingen, 1958, section 1(a), 3(b), 4(b), 5(a), 9(a), 12(b), 15(c), 20(d), 21 (lines 1-75), 22 (lines 1-65), 25(a) (b) (f) (h), 26(c), 27(a) (lines 1-88), 30, 33(b).

Ge. 12.A special period or subject in German literature, thought, or history (i): The German historical imagination, 1750-1945

Lists of recommended reading are available in the Department of German.

Ge. 13.A special period or subject in German literature, thought, or history (ii); German poetry from Gryphius to the present day

Lists of recommended reading are available in the Department of German.

* Questions on Goethe's Faust, Part I, may be set in connexion with Papers Ge. 7, Ge. 8, and Ge. 9.

Modern Greek

Gr. 1*.Greek literature

The paper will be divided into two sections. Section A will contain questions on the prescribed texts: Section B will include questions on the prescribed topics, as well as some broader questions on Greek culture. Candidates must answer four questions, at least one from each section.

(a) Texts:

(b) Topics:
The language question 1888-1920; World War I and the Asia Minor disaster; dictatorship and civil war; the military in Greek politics; Church and state; Greece and the Balkans.

Gr. 2.Greek literature, thought, and history, from the Renaissance to Romanticism

Section A:
Texts:

Topics:
Printing and popular literature: the reception of the Renaissance in Crete; Cretan society.

Section B:
Texts:

Topics:
Moisiodax and the Greek Enlightenment; Korais and the language question; the movement for Greek independence; the reign of King Otto.

Gr. 3.The beginnings of modern Greek literature, 1100-1453, with special reference to the following:

Gr. 4.The literature, thought, and history of Crete and Cyprus in the Renaissance period, with special reference to the following:

Gr. 5.Greek literature, thought, and history from 1700 to 1900, with special reference to the following:

Gr. 6.Greek literature, thought, and history since 1900, with special reference to the following:

Gr. 7.The history and structure of modern Greek, with special reference to the following, from which passages will be set for comment (compulsory for Part II candidates, optional for Part IB candidates):

Hungarian

Hu. 1*.Hungarian literature

Kaffka, Szinek és évek; Füst Milán, Összes versei; Kosztolányi, Édes Anna; Radnóti, Tajtékos ég; Szabó Lörinc, Tücsökzene; Németh László, Galilei.

Hu. 2.Hungarian literature, history, and culture from 1849 to 1906, with special reference to the following:

Jókai Mór, Az aranyember; Arany László, A délibábok höse; Madách Imre, Az ember tragédiája; Gárdonyi, A láthatatlan ember; Mikszáth Kálmán. Az új Zrinyiász; Reviczky Gyula, Összes versei.

For general reading the relevant parts of the following works are recommended: Szerb Antal, Magyar irodalomtörténet; Denis Sinor, History of Hungary.

Hu. 3.Hungarian literature, history, and culture, before 1825, with special reference to the following:

Bornemisza Péter, Magyar Élektra; Balassi Bálint, Összes versei; Zrinyi Miklós, Szigeti veszedelem; Mikes Kelemen, Törökországi levelek; Katona, Bánk bán; Csokonai V. Mihály, Összes versei.

Hu. 4.Hungarian literature, history, and culture, since 1825, with special reference to the following:

Petöfi Sándor, Összes versei; Kemény Zsigmond, Zord idö; Mikszáth, A Noszty fiú esete; Kosztolányi, Összes versei; Weöres, A hallgatás tornya; Konrád, A látogató.

Italian

It.2. Structure and varieties of Italian

Berruto, G., 'Main topics and findings in Italian sociolinguistics', International Journal of the Sociology of Language 76: 7-30 (1989); Bettoni, C. (ed.), Altro Polo: Italian Abroad (Sydney: Frederick May, 1986); Bruni, F., L'italiano: elementi di storia della lingua e della cultura (Turin: UTET, 1987); Chapallaz, M., The Pronunciation of Italian (Cambridge, 1986); De Mauro, T. and Lodi, M., Lingua e dialetti (Roma: Riuniti, 1993); Devoto, G. and Giacomelli, M., I dialetti delle regioni d'Italia (Firenze: Sansoni, 1972); Lepschy, A. L. and Lepschy, G., The Italian Language Today (London: Routledge, 1988); Maiden, M. and Parry, M. (eds.), The Dialects of Italy (London: Routledge, 1997); Salvi, G. and Vanelli, L., Grammatica essenziale di riferimento della lingua italiana (Firenze: Le Monnier, 1992); Vincent, N., 'Italian' in M. Harris and N. Vincent (eds.), The Romance Languages (London: Routledge, 1988).

It. 3.Italian texts and contexts

Giotto, Capella degli Scrovegni; Niccolò Machiavelli, Il principe; Cesare Beccaria, Dei delitti e delle pene; Luchino Visconti, Rocco e i suoi fratelli.

It. 4.Italian narrative experiment

Dante, Vita nuova; Boccaccio, Decameron (selections); Sibilla Aleramo, Una donna; Ariosto, Orlando furioso (selections); Italo Svevo, La coscienza di Zeno.

It. 5.Florentine culture, from 1321 to 1500

Petrarch, Rime sparse, Secretum; Boccaccio, Decameron, Fiammetta; Alberti, Della famiglia; Lorenzo de' Medici, Canzoniere, Comento sopra alcuni de' suoi sonetti; Poliziano, Stanze per la giostra.

Topics in the visual arts: Donatello; Masaccio; Botticelli, Mythologies.

It. 6.Italian literature, thought, and history, since 1760

Leopardi, Canti, Operette morali; Manzoni, I promessi sposi; Verga, I Malavoglia, Mastro-don Gesualdo; Pirandello, Uno, nessuno e centomila, Sei personaggi in cerca d'autore; Svevo, Senilità, La coscienza di Zeno; Montale, Le occasioni, Ossi di seppia; Banti, Artemisia, Lavinia fuggita; Levi, Il sistema periodico, Se questo è un uomo; Calvino, Se una notte d'inverno un viaggiatore, Lezioni americane.

Medieval Latin

ML 1.Continuity and change in Latin literature

Augustine, Confessiones (Loeb or Bude), Bk VIII; Patrick, Confessio (ed. Bieler or Hood); Valerius, Ordo Querimoniae (Patrologia Latina 87, 439-47); Prudentius, Peristephanon III and XIV (Loeb, Prudentius II); Avitus, The Fall of Man (ed. Nodes), Bks I-II; Gregory of Tours, Historia Francorum (ed. Krusch-Buchner), Bk VIII, chs. 28-46; Historia Apollonii Regis Tyri (ed. Archibald or Kortekaas).

ML 2.Medieval Latin literature, from 650 to 1300, with special reference to the following:

Carmina Cantabrigiensia (ed. Strecker or Ziolkowski); Notker, Liber Hymnorum (ed. von den Steinen); Johannes Scottus Eriugena, Periphyseon, Bk I (ed. Sheldon-Williams); Hildegard of Bingen, Ordo Virtutum (ed. Dronke, Nine Medieval Latin Plays); Ludus de Antichristo, (Reclam); Carmina Burana (dtv): love-songs (62-100); the Christmas Play (227); the Passion Play (16*).

Polish

Po. 1*.Polish literature

Mickiewicz, Dziady, Pt. III; Sowacki, W Szwajcarii; Norwid, Promethidion; Prus, Powracajca fala; Sienkiewicz, Quo Vadis; Wyspiaski, Wesele.

Po. 2*.Polish literature, thought, and history, from 1918 to 1956, with special reference to the following:

eromski, Przedwionie; Pollak-Matuszewski, Poezja polska 1914-1939; Witkiewicz, Szewcy; Gombrowicz, Ferdydurke; Miosz, Wiersze (London, 1967); Borowski, Poegnanie z Mari.

Po. 3. Polish literature, thought, and history, before 1795, with special reference to the following:

Rej, Krótka rozprawa, Kochanowski, Treny; J. A. Morsztyn, Lutnia; Pasek, Pamitniki; Naruszewicz, Satyry; Niemcewicz, Powrót posa.

Po. 4.Polish literature, thought, and history, since 1795, with special reference to the following:

Malczewski, Maria; Mickiewicz, Pan Tadeusz; Sowacki, Fantazy; Reymont, Ziemia obiecana: S. I. Witkiewicz, Nienasycenie; Lemian, Wiersze wybrane.

Portuguese

Pg. 1.Introduction to the structure and varieties of modern Portuguese

A general study of the present-day structure and varieties of Portuguese, together with a study of the general linguistic background.

Candidates will be required to answer four questions, including at least one from Sections A and B.

Pg. 2.Introduction to Lusophone literature

Candidates will be required to answer three questions, taken from at least two sections.

This subject will include Portuguese, Brazilian, and African works, with special reference to the following texts:

Portugal: Anthology of Portuguese verse (including selected poems by Camões and Fernando Pessoa); Eça de Queiroz, O Crime do Padre Amaro; José Régio, Histórias de Mulheres.

Brazil: Anthology of Brazilian Modernist verse (including selected poems by Manuel Bandeira); Graciliano Ramos, Vidas Secas; Lygia Fagundes Telles, Os Melhores Contos; Bernardo Guimarães, A Escrava Isaura.

Lusophone Africa: Anthology of Afro-Portuguese verse (including poems by José Craveirinha, Noémia de Sousa, Rui Knopfli); Luís Bernardo Honwana, Nós Matámos o Cão-Tinhoso.

Pg. 3.Portuguese literature, thought, and history, since 1825

Almeida Garrett, Frei Luís de Sousa; Camilo Castelo Branco, Amor de Perdição, A Brasileira de Prazins; Júlio Dinis, As Pupilas do Senhor Reitor; Cesário Verde, O Livro de Cesário Verde; Eça de Queiroz, O Primo Basílio; Maria Judite de Carvalho, Os Armários Vazios; Olga Gonçalves, A Floresta em Bremerhaven.

Candidates will be required to answer three questions.

Pg. 5.Portuguese literature, thought, and history, since 1850, with special reference to the period 1850 to 1935, and the following authors:

Alexandre Herculano, Antero de Quental, Miguel Torga, Eça de Queiroz, Fernando Pessoa, Florbela Espanca, José Régio, Maria Judite de Carvalho, Almeida Faria.

Pg. 6.Brazil and Lusophone Africa: literary and historical perspectives

José de Alencar, Bernardo Guimarães, Machado de Assis, Manuel Bandeira, João Cabral de Melo Neto, Clarice Lispector, Lygia Fagundes Telles, Raquel de Queiroz, José Craveirinha, Mia Couto, Pepetela.

Sp. 11.The Hispanic languages, with special reference to the following:

Spanish:
(a)Poema de Mio Cid, Cantar I; Don Juan Manuel, El Conde Lucanor, Exemplos I-X; A. Martínez de Toledo, Arcipreste de Talavera o Corbacho, Part II, Chapters I-X.
(b)Fernando de Rojas, La Celestina, Autos I and XXI; Santa Teresa de Jesús, Libro de la Vida, Chapters 1-5; Francisco de Quevedo, El Buscón, Book I.
(c)G. M. de Jovellanos, Elogio de Carlos III; M. Azuela, Los de Abajo, Part II, M. Delibes, Cinco horas con Mario, Chapters 2 and 7.

Portuguese:
(a)M. Rodrigues Lapa (ed.), Crestomatia Arcaica.
(b)Luis de Camões (ed. F. Pierce), Os Lusíadas, O.U.P.: Canto III; João de Barros, Defensa da Lingua Portuguesa.
(c)Jorge Amado, Mar morto, M. F. Bacelar do Nascimento et al., Português Fundamental, vol. 2 Métodos e Documentos, tomo I, docs 29, 31, 53, 75, 91, 108, 129, 134, 135, 164, 194, 2118, 290, 328, 340, 356, 377, 426, 476, 485, 523, 564, 598, 618, 622, 769, 776, 785, 883, 886, 1042, 1055, 1073, 1098, 1230, 1238, 1293, 1296, 1336, 1392.

Russian

Ru. 1*.Introduction to Russian literature

Candidates will be required to answer three questions, one from each section.

Section A, From Rus' to Rossiia: Kiev, Moscow, St Petersburg, with special reference to:

Section B, Aspects of Culture and Society:

Section C, Literary Analysis. A passage from Pushkin, will be set for commentary.

Ru. 2*.Introduction to Russian literature, history, and culture since 1861

Candidates will be required to answer three questions, one from each section.

Section A, Reforms and Utopias: (i) Remaking the state; (ii) Remaking the peasantry: (iii) Remaking industry.

Section B, Writers and Society:

Section C, Literary and Source Analysis:

Ru. 3.Russian literature, history, and culture before 1300, with special reference to the following:

Ru. 4.Russian literature, history, and culture, from 1300 to 1676, with special reference to the following:

Ru. 5.Russian literature, history, and culture from 1676 to 1801, with special reference to the following:

(c)The development of St Petersburg; Russia and the West; Anglo-Russian Relations: Publishing and the book trade.

Ru. 6.Russian literature and thought, from 1801 to 1883, with special reference to the following:

(b)Topics: The lyric poetry of Pushkin, Lermontov, and Tiutchev; the novels of Herzen, Goncharov, and Turgenev; drama from Griboedov to Ostrovskii; satirical prose from Gogol' to Saltykov-Shchedrin; the utopian and anti-utopian novel; aesthetics and literary criticism from Belinskii to Tolstoi; the Slavophile controversy; Populism from Herzen to Lavrov; conservative thought from Karamzin to Pobedonostsev.

Ru. 7.Russian literature, since 1883

Section A. The Theatre

1. Experiments in the theatre; 2. Theatre under Stalin; 3. Theatre after the Thaw.

Section B. Poetry

4. Exploration of form; 5. From Symbolism to Realism; 6. Poetry after World War II.

Section C. Prose

7. Early Soviet prose; 8. Literature under Socialist Realism; 9. Prose after World War II.

Candidates will be required to answer three questions from any two sections.

There are no prescribed texts, but a list of suggested authors is available from the Department of Slavonic Studies, Room 23, Raised Faculty Building.

Ru. 8.Russian history, from 1801 to 1904, with special reference to the following:

(b)The period 1801-1860.

(c)The period 1860-1904.

Ru. 9.Russian history, since 1905, with special reference to the following:

(b)The period 1905-1921.

(c)The period 1921 to the present.

Ru. 10.The history of the Russian language, with special reference to the following, from which passages will be set for comment:

Obnorskii and Barkhudarov, (Moscow, 1952 and 1949), Parts I and II.

Part I: no. 1, pp. 14-16, no. 4, pp. 20-21; no. 8; no. 10; no. 12, pp. 39-40, lines 1-56; no. 13, pp. 44-46, lines 1-22; no. 17, p. 60, lines 29-63; nos. 25, 29; no. 30, pp. 114-19, lines 1-164; no. 44, p. 174-5; no. 49, pp. 203-4; no. 53, pp. 230-1; no. 55, p. 239; no. 59, III, pp. 257-9; no. 64; no. 66, III, pp. 305-6; no. 67, pp. 309-10; no. 68, pp. 317-18.

Part II: p. 83, no. 1; pp. 99-100, no. 16; p. 144; pp. 254-5.

Ru. 11.A special period or subject in Russian literature, thought, or history: Dostoevskii

Spanish

Sp. 1.Introduction to the structure and varieties of modern Spanish

A general study of the present-day structure and varieties of Spanish, together with a study of the general linguistic background.

Candidates will be required to answer four questions, including at least one from Sections A and B.

Sp. 2.Introduction to Hispanic texts

Candidates will be required to answer three questions, one from each of three sections.

(a) Hispanic literature before 1700; (b) Hispanic literature, 1860-1960; (c) Hispanic literature after 1960.

Sp. 3.Topics in Spanish Golden Age culture, with reference to the following:

(i) Cervantes, Don Quijote; (ii) Sacred and profane love; (iii) Representations of Christ; (iv) The Inquisition, limpieza and censorship; (v) The Golden Age Comedy of Manners.

Sp. 4.Topics in Spanish culture and history, with reference to the following:

Spain in crisis, 1890-1923; prescriptions of gender; modernity in literature; poesía popular; the post-Civil War novel and Franco's Spain; images of contemporary Spain.

Sp. 5.Topics in Spanish-American culture and history

(i) Nation and narration; (ii) Nightmares of the urban; (iii) Charting revolution; (iv) The racial 'other'; (v) Penning the dictator; (vi) Labyrinths of fiction. There are no prescribed texts for the paper, but candidates may obtain a list of suggested reading from the Department of Spanish and Portuguese.

Sp. 10.Introduction to Catalan language and literature

(i) Catalan language; (ii) Modernisme, Novcentisme, Avantguardisme, 1900-39; (iii) Cultural resistance to the dictatorship 1939-75; (iv) Postmodernity in the postdictatorship.

Sp.11.The Hispanic languages, with special reference to the following:

Spanish:
(a)Poema de Mio Cid, Cantar I; Don Juan Manuel, El Conde Lucanor, Exemplos I-X; A. Martínez de Toledo, Arcipreste de Talavera o Corbacho, Part II, Chapters I-X.
(b)Fernando de Rojas, La Celestina, Autos I and XXI; Santa Teresa de Jesús, Libro de la Vida, Chapters 1-5; Francisco de Quevedo, El Buscón, Book I.
(c)G. M. de Jovellanos, Elogio de Carlos III; M. Azuela, Los de Abajo, Part II, M. Delibes, Cinco horas con Mario, Chapters 2 and 7.

Portuguese:
(a)M. Rodrigues Lapa (ed.), Crestomatia arcaica.
(b)Luis de Camões (ed. F. Pierce), Os Lusíadas, O.U.P.: Canto III, João de Barros, Defensa da língua portuguesa.
(c)Jorge Amado, Mar morto, M. F. Bacelar do Nascimento et al., Português fundamental, vol. 2 Métodos e documentos, tomo i, docs 29, 31, 53, 75, 91, 108, 129, 134, 135, 164, 194, 218, 290, 328, 340, 356, 377, 426, 476, 485, 523, 564, 598, 618, 622, 769, 776, 785, 883, 886, 1042, 1055, 1073, 1098, 1230, 1238, 1293, 1296, 1336, 1392.

Linguistics

Li. 1.Introduction to linguistic theory

Li. 2.Introduction to language history and use.

There are no prescribed texts or topics for Papers Li. 1 and Li. 2, but details may be obtained from the Department of Linguistics.

Comparative Studies

CS 1.The Romance languages

Every candidate will be expected to show a knowledge of two at least of the Romance languages.

Prescribed texts:
Vulgar Latin: G. Rohlfs, Sermo Vulgaris Latinus (3rd edn, 1969), passages, 5, 7, 8, 13, 17, 18, 25, 29, 34 (i).
Romance languages: R. Sampson (ed.), Early Romance Texts, passages 50-65 (French), 31-49 (Provençal ), 73-90 (Italian), 11-22 (Spanish), 1-10 (Portuguese).

CS 3.The Slavonic languages

Every candidate is expected to show a knowledge of at least one West, one South, and one East Slavonic language. Passages will be set for identification and comment from the modern Slavonic languages.

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