2017 Chuan Lyu Lectures in Taiwan Studies (First of Two Lectures)

Mon 15 May 2017

Faculty of Asian and Middle Eastern Studies

Abstract

After the lifting of Martial Law in 1987 and the opening of cross-Strait trade, transportation, and postal service between Taiwan and China in 2000, pilgrimages to China have become a routine activity for many temples in Taiwan, especially in the case of temples of Mazu, who is a patron goddess of Taiwan. To most residents of Taiwan, Mazu is a symbol of Taiwanese identity; to the Chinese, Mazu is a symbol of peace between Taiwan and China. Thus, there are two nationalist interpretations of Mazu, and many tensions exist among Mazu believers and between Taiwanese temples and Chinese temples of Mazu. This paper focuses on the cross-Strait pilgrimage from Xingang Mazu Temple in Taiwan to Yongchun, Fujian in China in 2011, and the establishment of a Taiwanese branch temple in Fujian. In addition, the author shows that Taiwanese local politicians employ Xingang Mazu Temple to attract tourists and as a platform of new religious nationalism.

The relationships between state and religion are far more complicated than just seeing their antagonism or conflict. Multiple actors and political processes need to be examined. In this paper, I will show that KMT (Nationalist Party) or DPP (Democratic Progressive Party) has different attitude toward Chinese Mazu, resulting in their involvement in different groups of Mazu temples, and different degree of communication with Chinese temples. Politics within the state are unavoidable, just as competition amongst Mazu temples. Debates among politicians and bureaucrats over the interpretation of Mazu cult and its application to cross-strait relation occur in Taiwan and in China.

Cost: Free