Because of the potential risk of industrial action that might result in a delay in the publication of lists of candidates who have satisfied the Examiners in particular examinations, the Council is submitting Graces to the Regent House to limit the extent of any such delay and to deal with associated matters (Graces 1-3, p. 779). The Council hopes that it will not be necessary to use the emergency powers conferred by these Graces, but it thinks it a reasonable precaution to ensure that such powers are available. Similar Graces were approved in 2006 (Graces 1, 2, and 3 of 8 March 2006) on the last occasion when it was thought that University officers and other Examiners and Assessors might follow a policy of non-cooperation over examinations. (Note: as of 18 May, UCU have announced that their ballot will be postponed until the autumn. However, the Council is proposing to submit the Graces in case the ballot is reopened.)